to violate

אָנַס(b. h.; sec. r. of אוס, √או; cmp. אוץ, אנץ, חוס; as to meaning cmp. כוף, אנן) to bend, force; to do violence; to outrage Ḥull.45a א׳ בסימנים if one in cutting presses the windpipe and gullet out of their natural position. Ib. אָנְסָה עצמה if the animal strained its neck so as to dislocate the organs. Gitt.44b; Ḥull.131a הרי שאָנְסוּוכ׳ if royal officers took forcible possession of (seized,) his barn. Keth.III, 4 האֹונֵס he who violates a woman. Part. pass. f. אֲנוּסָה an outraged woman. Y.Yeb.VI, 7c; a. fr.Masc. אָנוּס the victim of an accident, unavoidably prevented. Ned.27a א׳ רחמנאוכ׳ the Merciful (the Law) acquits from responsibility him who is the victim of an unavoidable accident; a. fr. Pi. אַנַּס to violate. Num. R. s. 14 לאַנְּסָהּ to violate her. Nif. נֶאֱנַס to be forced, overcome, to meet with an accident. Ber.13b נ׳ בשינה overcome by sleep. Ḥull31a נֶאֶנְסָה וטבלה if she dipped in the water by an accident Ib. 45a ובלבד שלא תֵּאָנֵס provided the animal is not forced so that its organs be dislocated. Keth.I, 10 נאנסה she was outraged; a. v. fr.

אָנַס(b. h.; sec. r. of אוס, √או; cmp. אוץ, אנץ, חוס; as to meaning cmp. כוף, אנן) to bend, force; to do violence; to outrage Ḥull.45a א׳ בסימנים if one in cutting presses the windpipe and gullet out of their natural position. Ib. אָנְסָה עצמה if the animal strained its neck so as to dislocate the organs. Gitt.44b; Ḥull.131a הרי שאָנְסוּוכ׳ if royal officers took forcible possession of (seized,) his barn. Keth.III, 4 האֹונֵס he who violates a woman. Part. pass. f. אֲנוּסָה an outraged woman. Y.Yeb.VI, 7c; a. fr.Masc. אָנוּס the victim of an accident, unavoidably prevented. Ned.27a א׳ רחמנאוכ׳ the Merciful (the Law) acquits from responsibility him who is the victim of an unavoidable accident; a. fr. Pi. אַנַּס to violate. Num. R. s. 14 לאַנְּסָהּ to violate her. Nif. נֶאֱנַס to be forced, overcome, to meet with an accident. Ber.13b נ׳ בשינה overcome by sleep. Ḥull31a נֶאֶנְסָה וטבלה if she dipped in the water by an accident Ib. 45a ובלבד שלא תֵּאָנֵס provided the animal is not forced so that its organs be dislocated. Keth.I, 10 נאנסה she was outraged; a. v. fr.

עני, עָנָהII (b. h.; cmp. אָנָה) to press, be pressed; to be detained. Pi. עִינָּה 1) to detain, postpone, esp. ע׳ דין to delay execution of capital judgment (which should take place on the day of sentence). Snh.XI, 4 (89a) אין מְעַנִּין את דינו שלוכ׳ we must not put off his execution (opp. to the opinion משמרין אותו). Ib. 35a וליגמריה … נמצא אתה מְעַנֶּה את דינו shall we pass sentence on Friday and put him to death on Sunday? In such a case you would postpone his execution (against the law); v. עִינּוּי II. 2) to cause privation; to cause to fast. Yoma 77b (ref. to ויענה, Gen. 34:2) התם שעִינָּהּ מביאותוכ׳ this may be interpreted, that he deprived her of other connections. Ib. 8:4 התינוקות אין מענין אותןוכ׳ we must not let children fast on the Day of Atonement, v. חָנַךְ; a. e.Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה fasting. Tosef.Taan.II, 7; Erub.41a כדי שלא יכנס לשבת כשהוא מע׳ that he may not begin the Sabbath fasting; Tanḥ. Bresh. 2. 3) to afflict, oppress, wrong. Mekh. Mishp., s. 18 (ref. to Ex. 22:22) עד שיְעַנֶּה וישנה until he practices oppression repeatedly; a. e.Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה; pl. מְעוּנִּין. Yeb.48b מפני מה גרים בזמן הזה מע׳וכ׳ why are the proselytes of our days afflicted and subject to suffering? 4) to violate, outrage. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Mic. 2:9) שהיו מְעַנִּים נשיוכ׳ they violated married women and caused them to be forbidden to their husbands. Lev. R. s. 19; a. fr.Mekh. l. c.; Yalk. Ex. 349 אם כשלא תְעַנּוּן את הדיןוכ׳ if your wives will be spared from widowhood and your children from bereavement, because you do not violate justice, how much more, when you execute justice. Nif. נַעֲנֶה 1) to be afflicted, oppressed. Mekh. l. c. אלמנה … שדרכן לֵעָנוֹת בהןוכ׳ widows and orphans who are liable to be oppressed,of them the text speaks (Ex. 22:21); Yalk. l. c. שדרכן לֵיעָנוֹת (not שדרכו). 2) to humble ones self; to submit to a persons discretion, beg pardon. Ber.28a נַעֲנֵיתִי לך מחול לי I submit myself to thee, forgive me. Pesik. R. s. 38 נעניתי לו I beg his pardon. Yoma 22b נעניתי לכם עצמותוכ׳ I beg your pardon, bones of Saul!; Yalk. Sam. 117 נעניתי לך שאולוכ׳. Keth.67b נעניתי לך קום אכול I beg of thee, get up and eat. Tosef.Ohol.V, 12 נמניתי לכם עצמותוכ׳ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. נמתי, read נעניתי) I beg your pardon, bones of Hithpa. הִתְעַנֶּה, Nithpa. נִתְעַנֶּה 1) to be afflicted, suffer. Sifré Deut. 130 שנִתְעַנּוּ, v. עִינּוּי II. 2) to afflict ones self, to fast. Ber.8b (ref. to Lev. 23:32) וכי בתשעה מִתְעַנִּין do men fast on the ninth (of Tishri)? R. Hash. 18b אין גזרת … רצו מתענין when there is no political persecution, but no peace, those who wish may fast Erub.41a והִתְעַנִּינוּ בו ולאוכ׳ we fasted, but not to the end of the day; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱנִי (denom. of עָנִי) to become poor. Keth.VI, 6. Ber.33a חזרו והֶעֱנוּ when they (the Jews) became poor again. Meïl. 17a מי שיש לו אויב יַעֲנִי או יעשיר if one has an enemy, does one wish him to be poor or rich?; a. e.

עני, עָנָהII (b. h.; cmp. אָנָה) to press, be pressed; to be detained. Pi. עִינָּה 1) to detain, postpone, esp. ע׳ דין to delay execution of capital judgment (which should take place on the day of sentence). Snh.XI, 4 (89a) אין מְעַנִּין את דינו שלוכ׳ we must not put off his execution (opp. to the opinion משמרין אותו). Ib. 35a וליגמריה … נמצא אתה מְעַנֶּה את דינו shall we pass sentence on Friday and put him to death on Sunday? In such a case you would postpone his execution (against the law); v. עִינּוּי II. 2) to cause privation; to cause to fast. Yoma 77b (ref. to ויענה, Gen. 34:2) התם שעִינָּהּ מביאותוכ׳ this may be interpreted, that he deprived her of other connections. Ib. 8:4 התינוקות אין מענין אותןוכ׳ we must not let children fast on the Day of Atonement, v. חָנַךְ; a. e.Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה fasting. Tosef.Taan.II, 7; Erub.41a כדי שלא יכנס לשבת כשהוא מע׳ that he may not begin the Sabbath fasting; Tanḥ. Bresh. 2. 3) to afflict, oppress, wrong. Mekh. Mishp., s. 18 (ref. to Ex. 22:22) עד שיְעַנֶּה וישנה until he practices oppression repeatedly; a. e.Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה; pl. מְעוּנִּין. Yeb.48b מפני מה גרים בזמן הזה מע׳וכ׳ why are the proselytes of our days afflicted and subject to suffering? 4) to violate, outrage. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Mic. 2:9) שהיו מְעַנִּים נשיוכ׳ they violated married women and caused them to be forbidden to their husbands. Lev. R. s. 19; a. fr.Mekh. l. c.; Yalk. Ex. 349 אם כשלא תְעַנּוּן את הדיןוכ׳ if your wives will be spared from widowhood and your children from bereavement, because you do not violate justice, how much more, when you execute justice. Nif. נַעֲנֶה 1) to be afflicted, oppressed. Mekh. l. c. אלמנה … שדרכן לֵעָנוֹת בהןוכ׳ widows and orphans who are liable to be oppressed,of them the text speaks (Ex. 22:21); Yalk. l. c. שדרכן לֵיעָנוֹת (not שדרכו). 2) to humble ones self; to submit to a persons discretion, beg pardon. Ber.28a נַעֲנֵיתִי לך מחול לי I submit myself to thee, forgive me. Pesik. R. s. 38 נעניתי לו I beg his pardon. Yoma 22b נעניתי לכם עצמותוכ׳ I beg your pardon, bones of Saul!; Yalk. Sam. 117 נעניתי לך שאולוכ׳. Keth.67b נעניתי לך קום אכול I beg of thee, get up and eat. Tosef.Ohol.V, 12 נמניתי לכם עצמותוכ׳ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. נמתי, read נעניתי) I beg your pardon, bones of Hithpa. הִתְעַנֶּה, Nithpa. נִתְעַנֶּה 1) to be afflicted, suffer. Sifré Deut. 130 שנִתְעַנּוּ, v. עִינּוּי II. 2) to afflict ones self, to fast. Ber.8b (ref. to Lev. 23:32) וכי בתשעה מִתְעַנִּין do men fast on the ninth (of Tishri)? R. Hash. 18b אין גזרת … רצו מתענין when there is no political persecution, but no peace, those who wish may fast Erub.41a והִתְעַנִּינוּ בו ולאוכ׳ we fasted, but not to the end of the day; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱנִי (denom. of עָנִי) to become poor. Keth.VI, 6. Ber.33a חזרו והֶעֱנוּ when they (the Jews) became poor again. Meïl. 17a מי שיש לו אויב יַעֲנִי או יעשיר if one has an enemy, does one wish him to be poor or rich?; a. e.

עני, עָנָהII (b. h.; cmp. אָנָה) to press, be pressed; to be detained. Pi. עִינָּה 1) to detain, postpone, esp. ע׳ דין to delay execution of capital judgment (which should take place on the day of sentence). Snh.XI, 4 (89a) אין מְעַנִּין את דינו שלוכ׳ we must not put off his execution (opp. to the opinion משמרין אותו). Ib. 35a וליגמריה … נמצא אתה מְעַנֶּה את דינו shall we pass sentence on Friday and put him to death on Sunday? In such a case you would postpone his execution (against the law); v. עִינּוּי II. 2) to cause privation; to cause to fast. Yoma 77b (ref. to ויענה, Gen. 34:2) התם שעִינָּהּ מביאותוכ׳ this may be interpreted, that he deprived her of other connections. Ib. 8:4 התינוקות אין מענין אותןוכ׳ we must not let children fast on the Day of Atonement, v. חָנַךְ; a. e.Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה fasting. Tosef.Taan.II, 7; Erub.41a כדי שלא יכנס לשבת כשהוא מע׳ that he may not begin the Sabbath fasting; Tanḥ. Bresh. 2. 3) to afflict, oppress, wrong. Mekh. Mishp., s. 18 (ref. to Ex. 22:22) עד שיְעַנֶּה וישנה until he practices oppression repeatedly; a. e.Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה; pl. מְעוּנִּין. Yeb.48b מפני מה גרים בזמן הזה מע׳וכ׳ why are the proselytes of our days afflicted and subject to suffering? 4) to violate, outrage. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Mic. 2:9) שהיו מְעַנִּים נשיוכ׳ they violated married women and caused them to be forbidden to their husbands. Lev. R. s. 19; a. fr.Mekh. l. c.; Yalk. Ex. 349 אם כשלא תְעַנּוּן את הדיןוכ׳ if your wives will be spared from widowhood and your children from bereavement, because you do not violate justice, how much more, when you execute justice. Nif. נַעֲנֶה 1) to be afflicted, oppressed. Mekh. l. c. אלמנה … שדרכן לֵעָנוֹת בהןוכ׳ widows and orphans who are liable to be oppressed,of them the text speaks (Ex. 22:21); Yalk. l. c. שדרכן לֵיעָנוֹת (not שדרכו). 2) to humble ones self; to submit to a persons discretion, beg pardon. Ber.28a נַעֲנֵיתִי לך מחול לי I submit myself to thee, forgive me. Pesik. R. s. 38 נעניתי לו I beg his pardon. Yoma 22b נעניתי לכם עצמותוכ׳ I beg your pardon, bones of Saul!; Yalk. Sam. 117 נעניתי לך שאולוכ׳. Keth.67b נעניתי לך קום אכול I beg of thee, get up and eat. Tosef.Ohol.V, 12 נמניתי לכם עצמותוכ׳ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. נמתי, read נעניתי) I beg your pardon, bones of Hithpa. הִתְעַנֶּה, Nithpa. נִתְעַנֶּה 1) to be afflicted, suffer. Sifré Deut. 130 שנִתְעַנּוּ, v. עִינּוּי II. 2) to afflict ones self, to fast. Ber.8b (ref. to Lev. 23:32) וכי בתשעה מִתְעַנִּין do men fast on the ninth (of Tishri)? R. Hash. 18b אין גזרת … רצו מתענין when there is no political persecution, but no peace, those who wish may fast Erub.41a והִתְעַנִּינוּ בו ולאוכ׳ we fasted, but not to the end of the day; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱנִי (denom. of עָנִי) to become poor. Keth.VI, 6. Ber.33a חזרו והֶעֱנוּ when they (the Jews) became poor again. Meïl. 17a מי שיש לו אויב יַעֲנִי או יעשיר if one has an enemy, does one wish him to be poor or rich?; a. e.

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חַמָּרII m. h. (denom. of חֲמוֹר) ass-driver, attendant of beasts of burden. Kidd.IV, 14, a. e., v. גַּמָּל. Kel. XXVI, 5 ( 6) עור החמיר ועור הח׳ Maim. (v. comment. ed. Dehr.; Mish. ed. עור הח׳, Talm. ed. עור החמור) the ass leather cover and the ass-drivers apron; a. fr.ח׳ גמל, v. גַּמָּל.Pl. חַמָּרִים, חַמָּרִין. Dem. IV, 7. Kidd. l. c. a. fr.Denom.: חִמֵּר to direct a loaded beasts motions by walking behind it, to load a beast. Sabb.153b; Ab. Zar.15a המְחַמֵּר אחרוכ׳ he who drives his beast of burden by walking behind it. Sabb. l. c. והלא מחמר but does he not violate the Sabbath as a driver (by placing his money bag on the ass)?Pes.66b מח׳ כלאחר יד הוא it is an act of driving in an unusual way (the lamb usually not being used as a beast of burden); a. fr.

חַמָּרII m. h. (denom. of חֲמוֹר) ass-driver, attendant of beasts of burden. Kidd.IV, 14, a. e., v. גַּמָּל. Kel. XXVI, 5 ( 6) עור החמיר ועור הח׳ Maim. (v. comment. ed. Dehr.; Mish. ed. עור הח׳, Talm. ed. עור החמור) the ass leather cover and the ass-drivers apron; a. fr.ח׳ גמל, v. גַּמָּל.Pl. חַמָּרִים, חַמָּרִין. Dem. IV, 7. Kidd. l. c. a. fr.Denom.: חִמֵּר to direct a loaded beasts motions by walking behind it, to load a beast. Sabb.153b; Ab. Zar.15a המְחַמֵּר אחרוכ׳ he who drives his beast of burden by walking behind it. Sabb. l. c. והלא מחמר but does he not violate the Sabbath as a driver (by placing his money bag on the ass)?Pes.66b מח׳ כלאחר יד הוא it is an act of driving in an unusual way (the lamb usually not being used as a beast of burden); a. fr.

כָּבַש(b. h.; cmp. כָּבַס) 1) to press, squeeze. Ohol. VIII, 5 כ׳ את האבןוכ׳ if one pressed a stone on (weighted) the sheet. Bets.23b שהיא כּוֹבֶשֶׂת because it (the wagon) presses (the ground) down. Sabb.XX, 5 לא כוֹבְשִׁין you must not screw down, v. מַכְבֵּש; a. fr.Part. pass. כָּביּש, f. כְּבוּשָׁה pressed, compressed; pressing. Ib. 135a; Tosef. ib. XV (XVI), 9; a. e. ערלה כ׳ היא the foreskin (which seems to be wanting) is pressed (to the membrum). Tosef.Ohol.IX, 4 כאילו אבנים כְּבוּשוֹתוכ׳ as if stones were placed tightly upon them. Ex. R. s. 15 ההר … כְּבוּשִׁין עלוכ׳ a mountain on each side pressing upon (preventing the run of) the springs; a. fr. 2) כ׳ פנים (בקרקע) to press the face into the ground, to hide ones self in fear or shame. Snh.19b כָּבְשוּ פניהם בקרקע they cast their looks down (were afraid to give an opinion). Y. ib. X, 27d (ref. to Is. 7:3) א״ת כובס אלא כּוֹבֵש שהיה כובש פניווכ׳ read not kobes, but kobesh, for he hid his face and fled before him; (Bab. ib. 104a דכבשינהו לאפי Chald.). 3) to press vegetables, meat ; to preserve, pickle. Toh. II, 1 האשה … כּוֹבֶשֶׁתוכ׳ if a woman was pressing vegetables in a pot. Ukts. II, 1 זתים שכְּבָשָׂןוכ׳ olives which one pressed with their leaves; a. fr.Part. pass. כָּביּש preserved substance, pickle. Ḥull97b, a. fr. כ׳ הרי הוא כמבושל preserved substances are in ritual law like cooked.Pl. כְּבוּשִׁין. Pes.II, 6. Y.Sabb.I, 3c bot. כְּבוּשֵׁיהֶן preserves made by gentiles; a. fr. 4) Trnsf. to store, hide. Ḥag.13a (ref. to Prov. 27:26) א״ת כבשים אלא כְּברּשִׁים Ms. M. (missing in ed.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) read not Kbasim (sheep) but Kbushim (hidden things), v. כִּבְשָׁן; Yalk. Prov. 961.Sot.10b; Macc.23b (ref. to Gen. 38:25) יצאת … ממני יצאו כבושים a divine voice went forth and said, ‘from me went forth the secret things (I declare that Judah is the father of Tamars children; Ar.: ממני היו הדברים כ׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6); Yalk. Gen. 145; Yalk. 1 Sam. 112. 5) to detain (cmp. עצר). Pesik. Bayom, p. 193b>; כָּבְשָׁה אותם מטרונאוכ׳ the matron detained them one day longer; כבשה אותן התורחוכ׳ the Law detained them one day longer (before the Lord); ib. 195a>, sq.; Pesik. R. suppl., s. 4. Gen. R. s. 8, end האיש כּיֹבֵשוכ׳ the man detains his wife from going out; a. e. 6) to suppress, restrain, conquer. Snh.XI, 5 (89a) הכּוֹבֵש את נבואתו (a prophet) who suppresses his prophecy (being afraid to proclaim it). Ab. IV, 1 הכיבש את יצרו who conquers his passion. Lam. R. to V, 1 כובש את הגדול (not כביש), v. זַרְזִיר I. Y.Succ.V, 55b top עד שאתה מְכַבֵּש … בוא וכְבוֹשוכ׳ instead of conquering the barbarians, come and subdue the Jews; Lam. R. to I, 16; ib. to IV, 19. Ex. R. s. 25 הוא כוֹבְשוֹוכ׳ he suppresses (withholds the evidence) and does not produce it.כ׳ עון to suppress guilt, to forgive, cause forgiveness. Pesik. Eth Korb, p. 61b>; Pesik. R. s. 16, v. כֶּבֶש; a. fr.7) to violate. Esth. R. to VII, 7 (read:) הרי הוא כּוֹבְשֵׁנִיוכ׳ behold, he is attacking me in thy presence.8) to pave, grade a road.Part. pass. כָּבוּש, f. כְּבוּשָׁה. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 20 דרך כ׳ graded road; ib. ed. Bub. 47; Yalk. Num. 764. (Pirké dR. El. ch. 52 כובשים במזלות, read with Yalk. Josh. 22: חושבים; Yalk. Gen. 77 רוגשים. Pi. כִּיבֵּש 1) to press, squeeze.Part. pass. מְכוּבָּש, pl. מְכוּבָּשִׁים. Tosef.Mikv.VI (VII), 17 לכלוכי צואה … המ׳ (ed. Zuck. והמכושים, corr. acc.) secretory substances … which are compressed, i. e. dried up by being sat upon. 2) (cmp. סָלַל II) to press down, make even, grade. Bets.IV, 5 מְכַבְּשִׁין you may press the ashes down (make a graded surface for baking); a. e.Trnsf. to level, make plain. Cant. R. to I, 2 (play on כבשים, Prov. 28:26, v. כֶּבֶש) כְּבָשִׁים … תהי׳ מְכַבֵּש לפניהםוכ׳ it may be read Kbashim ( grades), as long as thy pupils are young, make the words of the Law plain before them; when they are older reveal to them the secrets (reasons) of the Law; Yalk. ib. 985 הֱיֵה כוֹבֵש לפניהם (another expl., v. infra).כ׳ את הריחיים ( to carve steps for the grain, to put the millstones in working order. M. Kat. I, 9; expl. ib. 10a to sharpen the millstones (v. נָקַר I), (oth. opin.) to cut the hole out for the hopper. 3) (interch. with Kal) to conquer, defeat. Y.Peah VII, 20c top שבע שכִּיבְּשוּ seven years during which they were engaged in conquering the land; Ḥull.17a שכבשו. Sifré Deut. 51 לכַבֵּשח״ל עד שלא יְכַבְּשוּוכ׳ to conquer foreign land before they shall have conquered Palestine. Pes.5b נכרי שכִּיבַּשְׁתּוֹ a gentile who is in thy power. Yeb.65b (ref. to וכבשח, Gen. 1:28) איש דרכו לכַבֵּשוכ׳ it is man who conquers (the earth) but not woman; Kidd.35a; a. fr. 4) to suppress, withhold. Cant. R. l. c. תהי׳ מכבש לפניהםוכ׳ withhold from them, i. e. teach them merely the words of the Law without arguments; (another expl., v. supra). 5) (denom. of כֶּבֶש) to storm, climb over. Tosef.Sot.VI, 6 מכבש את הגנותוכ׳ climbing over the garden fences and violating the women; Gen. R. s. 53; Yalk. Gen. 94 מַכְבִּיש Hif. Nif. נִכְבַּש 1) to be pressed down, suppressed. Pesik. Eth. Korb. p. 61b> כל דבר שהוא נ׳ סופו לצוף whatever is pressed down, is liable to come to the surface again; Pesik. R. s. 16. 2) to be submissive. Midr. Till. to Ps. 30, end when scholars sit down ונִכְבָּשִׁין אלו לאלו and are submissive (respectful) to one another; (Sabb.63a ונוחין). 3) to have surreptitious intercourse. Sifra Emor, Par. 6, ch. V נ׳ עם; Yeb.VII, 5 to נ׳ על. Hif. הִכְכִּיש to climb, v. supra. Hithpa. הִתְכַּבֵּש, Nithpa. נִתְכַּבֵּש to be conquered, be taken. Y.Shebi.VI, 36c bot. כמי שנִתְכַּבְּשוּ they are to be treated as if they had been subdued (in the days of Joshua). Ib. שמא נִתְכַּבְּשָׁהמד״ת perhaps it was to be taken by the command of the Law; Y. Yeb.VII, 8a bot. (corr. acc.). Ex. R. s. 18 עכשיו … מִתְכַּבֶּשֶׁת בידו just now Jerusalem may be taken by him (Sennacherib). (Pesik. Zutr., Ekeb, ed. Bub. p. 30 מתכבשים, מתכבשות, v. כָּתַש.

כָּבַש(b. h.; cmp. כָּבַס) 1) to press, squeeze. Ohol. VIII, 5 כ׳ את האבןוכ׳ if one pressed a stone on (weighted) the sheet. Bets.23b שהיא כּוֹבֶשֶׂת because it (the wagon) presses (the ground) down. Sabb.XX, 5 לא כוֹבְשִׁין you must not screw down, v. מַכְבֵּש; a. fr.Part. pass. כָּביּש, f. כְּבוּשָׁה pressed, compressed; pressing. Ib. 135a; Tosef. ib. XV (XVI), 9; a. e. ערלה כ׳ היא the foreskin (which seems to be wanting) is pressed (to the membrum). Tosef.Ohol.IX, 4 כאילו אבנים כְּבוּשוֹתוכ׳ as if stones were placed tightly upon them. Ex. R. s. 15 ההר … כְּבוּשִׁין עלוכ׳ a mountain on each side pressing upon (preventing the run of) the springs; a. fr. 2) כ׳ פנים (בקרקע) to press the face into the ground, to hide ones self in fear or shame. Snh.19b כָּבְשוּ פניהם בקרקע they cast their looks down (were afraid to give an opinion). Y. ib. X, 27d (ref. to Is. 7:3) א״ת כובס אלא כּוֹבֵש שהיה כובש פניווכ׳ read not kobes, but kobesh, for he hid his face and fled before him; (Bab. ib. 104a דכבשינהו לאפי Chald.). 3) to press vegetables, meat ; to preserve, pickle. Toh. II, 1 האשה … כּוֹבֶשֶׁתוכ׳ if a woman was pressing vegetables in a pot. Ukts. II, 1 זתים שכְּבָשָׂןוכ׳ olives which one pressed with their leaves; a. fr.Part. pass. כָּביּש preserved substance, pickle. Ḥull97b, a. fr. כ׳ הרי הוא כמבושל preserved substances are in ritual law like cooked.Pl. כְּבוּשִׁין. Pes.II, 6. Y.Sabb.I, 3c bot. כְּבוּשֵׁיהֶן preserves made by gentiles; a. fr. 4) Trnsf. to store, hide. Ḥag.13a (ref. to Prov. 27:26) א״ת כבשים אלא כְּברּשִׁים Ms. M. (missing in ed.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) read not Kbasim (sheep) but Kbushim (hidden things), v. כִּבְשָׁן; Yalk. Prov. 961.Sot.10b; Macc.23b (ref. to Gen. 38:25) יצאת … ממני יצאו כבושים a divine voice went forth and said, ‘from me went forth the secret things (I declare that Judah is the father of Tamars children; Ar.: ממני היו הדברים כ׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6); Yalk. Gen. 145; Yalk. 1 Sam. 112. 5) to detain (cmp. עצר). Pesik. Bayom, p. 193b>; כָּבְשָׁה אותם מטרונאוכ׳ the matron detained them one day longer; כבשה אותן התורחוכ׳ the Law detained them one day longer (before the Lord); ib. 195a>, sq.; Pesik. R. suppl., s. 4. Gen. R. s. 8, end האיש כּיֹבֵשוכ׳ the man detains his wife from going out; a. e. 6) to suppress, restrain, conquer. Snh.XI, 5 (89a) הכּוֹבֵש את נבואתו (a prophet) who suppresses his prophecy (being afraid to proclaim it). Ab. IV, 1 הכיבש את יצרו who conquers his passion. Lam. R. to V, 1 כובש את הגדול (not כביש), v. זַרְזִיר I. Y.Succ.V, 55b top עד שאתה מְכַבֵּש … בוא וכְבוֹשוכ׳ instead of conquering the barbarians, come and subdue the Jews; Lam. R. to I, 16; ib. to IV, 19. Ex. R. s. 25 הוא כוֹבְשוֹוכ׳ he suppresses (withholds the evidence) and does not produce it.כ׳ עון to suppress guilt, to forgive, cause forgiveness. Pesik. Eth Korb, p. 61b>; Pesik. R. s. 16, v. כֶּבֶש; a. fr.7) to violate. Esth. R. to VII, 7 (read:) הרי הוא כּוֹבְשֵׁנִיוכ׳ behold, he is attacking me in thy presence.8) to pave, grade a road.Part. pass. כָּבוּש, f. כְּבוּשָׁה. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 20 דרך כ׳ graded road; ib. ed. Bub. 47; Yalk. Num. 764. (Pirké dR. El. ch. 52 כובשים במזלות, read with Yalk. Josh. 22: חושבים; Yalk. Gen. 77 רוגשים. Pi. כִּיבֵּש 1) to press, squeeze.Part. pass. מְכוּבָּש, pl. מְכוּבָּשִׁים. Tosef.Mikv.VI (VII), 17 לכלוכי צואה … המ׳ (ed. Zuck. והמכושים, corr. acc.) secretory substances … which are compressed, i. e. dried up by being sat upon. 2) (cmp. סָלַל II) to press down, make even, grade. Bets.IV, 5 מְכַבְּשִׁין you may press the ashes down (make a graded surface for baking); a. e.Trnsf. to level, make plain. Cant. R. to I, 2 (play on כבשים, Prov. 28:26, v. כֶּבֶש) כְּבָשִׁים … תהי׳ מְכַבֵּש לפניהםוכ׳ it may be read Kbashim ( grades), as long as thy pupils are young, make the words of the Law plain before them; when they are older reveal to them the secrets (reasons) of the Law; Yalk. ib. 985 הֱיֵה כוֹבֵש לפניהם (another expl., v. infra).כ׳ את הריחיים ( to carve steps for the grain, to put the millstones in working order. M. Kat. I, 9; expl. ib. 10a to sharpen the millstones (v. נָקַר I), (oth. opin.) to cut the hole out for the hopper. 3) (interch. with Kal) to conquer, defeat. Y.Peah VII, 20c top שבע שכִּיבְּשוּ seven years during which they were engaged in conquering the land; Ḥull.17a שכבשו. Sifré Deut. 51 לכַבֵּשח״ל עד שלא יְכַבְּשוּוכ׳ to conquer foreign land before they shall have conquered Palestine. Pes.5b נכרי שכִּיבַּשְׁתּוֹ a gentile who is in thy power. Yeb.65b (ref. to וכבשח, Gen. 1:28) איש דרכו לכַבֵּשוכ׳ it is man who conquers (the earth) but not woman; Kidd.35a; a. fr. 4) to suppress, withhold. Cant. R. l. c. תהי׳ מכבש לפניהםוכ׳ withhold from them, i. e. teach them merely the words of the Law without arguments; (another expl., v. supra). 5) (denom. of כֶּבֶש) to storm, climb over. Tosef.Sot.VI, 6 מכבש את הגנותוכ׳ climbing over the garden fences and violating the women; Gen. R. s. 53; Yalk. Gen. 94 מַכְבִּיש Hif. Nif. נִכְבַּש 1) to be pressed down, suppressed. Pesik. Eth. Korb. p. 61b> כל דבר שהוא נ׳ סופו לצוף whatever is pressed down, is liable to come to the surface again; Pesik. R. s. 16. 2) to be submissive. Midr. Till. to Ps. 30, end when scholars sit down ונִכְבָּשִׁין אלו לאלו and are submissive (respectful) to one another; (Sabb.63a ונוחין). 3) to have surreptitious intercourse. Sifra Emor, Par. 6, ch. V נ׳ עם; Yeb.VII, 5 to נ׳ על. Hif. הִכְכִּיש to climb, v. supra. Hithpa. הִתְכַּבֵּש, Nithpa. נִתְכַּבֵּש to be conquered, be taken. Y.Shebi.VI, 36c bot. כמי שנִתְכַּבְּשוּ they are to be treated as if they had been subdued (in the days of Joshua). Ib. שמא נִתְכַּבְּשָׁהמד״ת perhaps it was to be taken by the command of the Law; Y. Yeb.VII, 8a bot. (corr. acc.). Ex. R. s. 18 עכשיו … מִתְכַּבֶּשֶׁת בידו just now Jerusalem may be taken by him (Sennacherib). (Pesik. Zutr., Ekeb, ed. Bub. p. 30 מתכבשים, מתכבשות, v. כָּתַש.

כְּבַש, כְּבֵישch. same, 1) to press, grade, make a path. Targ. Job 19:12 (h. text סלל). Targ. Is. 40:3; a. e.Part. pass. כָּבִיש, f. כְּבִישָׁא. Targ. O. Num. 20:19 (not כְּבָשָׁא). Targ. Is. 11:16; a. e.Pl. כְּבִישִׁין dams. Ib. 19:10.Erub.34b כְּבוּשוּ כבשיוכ׳ make a dam (or embankment) in the reed-marshes. 2) to press on, to put on ( the head). Targ. Y. Lev. 8:13 (h. text חבש). 3) to bind, fillet; to inlay. Targ. Y. Ex. 38:28 (h. text חשק; O. Pa.). Targ. Is. 54:11.Part. Pass. as ab.; pl. f. כְּבִישָׁן. 4) (with על) to tread upon, to stamp out. Targ. Mic. 7:19. Targ. Esth. 1:5. 5) (interch. with Pa.) to suppress, oppress; to conquer, force; to violate. Targ. Josh. 8:21. Targ. Ps. 4:6. Targ. II Esth. 7:8; a. fr.Part. pass. as Ab. Targ. Hos. 5:11.Zeb.73b, נִיכְבְּשִׁינְהוּ, v. נוּד ch. Y.Sabb.IV, end, 7a דילמא לא כ׳ צינתה will it (the band around the head) not overcome (counter-act the effect of) the cold? 6) to withhold, detain. Targ. Y. II Gen. 29:22.Nidd.39b a hen that laid one day וכַבְשָׁה יומאוכ׳ and held back (failed to lay) one day 7) to hide (the face); to close (the eyes). Targ. Ex. 3:6. Targ. Lev. 20:4; a. fr.Targ. O. Deut. 22:1 ed. Berl. (ed. Ithpe); ib. 4 (sub. עינין).B. Bath.40b כְּבִישְׁנָא לשטרוכ׳ I shall hide the deed of mortgage. Pa. כַּבֵּיש same. Targ. Prov. 16:32 מְכַבֵּיש Ms. (ed. מַכְבֵּיש Af.) who conquers. Targ. Josh. 8:19.Targ. O. Ex. 38:28 (v. supra). Targ. Lam. 3:34; a. fr.Snh.95a דכַבְּשִׁית בתקוף ידי which I conquered with the strength of my hand; (ib. כבשית כל מדינתי, read כנשית;) Yalk. Is. 284.Part. pass. מְכַבַּש, f. מְכַבְּשָׁא; pl. מְכַבְּשִׁין; מְכַכְּשָׁן. Targ. Ex. 38:17 (h. text מחשקים). Ib. 27:17 (not מְכֻבָּשִׁין, v. O. ed. Berl.). Targ. Am. 6:4.Targ. Jer. 18:15 (h. text סלולה); a. e. Af. אַכְבֵּיש, v. supra. Ithpe. אִתְכְּבֵיש 1) to be conquered; to be subdued, oppressed. Targ. Num. 32:22. Targ. Y. Gen. 16:9 (some ed. אתכנעי); a. e. 2) (of the face) to be sunk (in fear, shame), to grieve. Targ. Gen. 4:5; 6 (h. text נפל). 3) to withdraw ones self. Targ. O. Deut. 22:1, v. supra.

כְּבַש, כְּבֵישch. same, 1) to press, grade, make a path. Targ. Job 19:12 (h. text סלל). Targ. Is. 40:3; a. e.Part. pass. כָּבִיש, f. כְּבִישָׁא. Targ. O. Num. 20:19 (not כְּבָשָׁא). Targ. Is. 11:16; a. e.Pl. כְּבִישִׁין dams. Ib. 19:10.Erub.34b כְּבוּשוּ כבשיוכ׳ make a dam (or embankment) in the reed-marshes. 2) to press on, to put on ( the head). Targ. Y. Lev. 8:13 (h. text חבש). 3) to bind, fillet; to inlay. Targ. Y. Ex. 38:28 (h. text חשק; O. Pa.). Targ. Is. 54:11.Part. Pass. as ab.; pl. f. כְּבִישָׁן. 4) (with על) to tread upon, to stamp out. Targ. Mic. 7:19. Targ. Esth. 1:5. 5) (interch. with Pa.) to suppress, oppress; to conquer, force; to violate. Targ. Josh. 8:21. Targ. Ps. 4:6. Targ. II Esth. 7:8; a. fr.Part. pass. as Ab. Targ. Hos. 5:11.Zeb.73b, נִיכְבְּשִׁינְהוּ, v. נוּד ch. Y.Sabb.IV, end, 7a דילמא לא כ׳ צינתה will it (the band around the head) not overcome (counter-act the effect of) the cold? 6) to withhold, detain. Targ. Y. II Gen. 29:22.Nidd.39b a hen that laid one day וכַבְשָׁה יומאוכ׳ and held back (failed to lay) one day 7) to hide (the face); to close (the eyes). Targ. Ex. 3:6. Targ. Lev. 20:4; a. fr.Targ. O. Deut. 22:1 ed. Berl. (ed. Ithpe); ib. 4 (sub. עינין).B. Bath.40b כְּבִישְׁנָא לשטרוכ׳ I shall hide the deed of mortgage. Pa. כַּבֵּיש same. Targ. Prov. 16:32 מְכַבֵּיש Ms. (ed. מַכְבֵּיש Af.) who conquers. Targ. Josh. 8:19.Targ. O. Ex. 38:28 (v. supra). Targ. Lam. 3:34; a. fr.Snh.95a דכַבְּשִׁית בתקוף ידי which I conquered with the strength of my hand; (ib. כבשית כל מדינתי, read כנשית;) Yalk. Is. 284.Part. pass. מְכַבַּש, f. מְכַבְּשָׁא; pl. מְכַבְּשִׁין; מְכַכְּשָׁן. Targ. Ex. 38:17 (h. text מחשקים). Ib. 27:17 (not מְכֻבָּשִׁין, v. O. ed. Berl.). Targ. Am. 6:4.Targ. Jer. 18:15 (h. text סלולה); a. e. Af. אַכְבֵּיש, v. supra. Ithpe. אִתְכְּבֵיש 1) to be conquered; to be subdued, oppressed. Targ. Num. 32:22. Targ. Y. Gen. 16:9 (some ed. אתכנעי); a. e. 2) (of the face) to be sunk (in fear, shame), to grieve. Targ. Gen. 4:5; 6 (h. text נפל). 3) to withdraw ones self. Targ. O. Deut. 22:1, v. supra.

כְּבַש, כְּבֵישch. same, 1) to press, grade, make a path. Targ. Job 19:12 (h. text סלל). Targ. Is. 40:3; a. e.Part. pass. כָּבִיש, f. כְּבִישָׁא. Targ. O. Num. 20:19 (not כְּבָשָׁא). Targ. Is. 11:16; a. e.Pl. כְּבִישִׁין dams. Ib. 19:10.Erub.34b כְּבוּשוּ כבשיוכ׳ make a dam (or embankment) in the reed-marshes. 2) to press on, to put on ( the head). Targ. Y. Lev. 8:13 (h. text חבש). 3) to bind, fillet; to inlay. Targ. Y. Ex. 38:28 (h. text חשק; O. Pa.). Targ. Is. 54:11.Part. Pass. as ab.; pl. f. כְּבִישָׁן. 4) (with על) to tread upon, to stamp out. Targ. Mic. 7:19. Targ. Esth. 1:5. 5) (interch. with Pa.) to suppress, oppress; to conquer, force; to violate. Targ. Josh. 8:21. Targ. Ps. 4:6. Targ. II Esth. 7:8; a. fr.Part. pass. as Ab. Targ. Hos. 5:11.Zeb.73b, נִיכְבְּשִׁינְהוּ, v. נוּד ch. Y.Sabb.IV, end, 7a דילמא לא כ׳ צינתה will it (the band around the head) not overcome (counter-act the effect of) the cold? 6) to withhold, detain. Targ. Y. II Gen. 29:22.Nidd.39b a hen that laid one day וכַבְשָׁה יומאוכ׳ and held back (failed to lay) one day 7) to hide (the face); to close (the eyes). Targ. Ex. 3:6. Targ. Lev. 20:4; a. fr.Targ. O. Deut. 22:1 ed. Berl. (ed. Ithpe); ib. 4 (sub. עינין).B. Bath.40b כְּבִישְׁנָא לשטרוכ׳ I shall hide the deed of mortgage. Pa. כַּבֵּיש same. Targ. Prov. 16:32 מְכַבֵּיש Ms. (ed. מַכְבֵּיש Af.) who conquers. Targ. Josh. 8:19.Targ. O. Ex. 38:28 (v. supra). Targ. Lam. 3:34; a. fr.Snh.95a דכַבְּשִׁית בתקוף ידי which I conquered with the strength of my hand; (ib. כבשית כל מדינתי, read כנשית;) Yalk. Is. 284.Part. pass. מְכַבַּש, f. מְכַבְּשָׁא; pl. מְכַבְּשִׁין; מְכַכְּשָׁן. Targ. Ex. 38:17 (h. text מחשקים). Ib. 27:17 (not מְכֻבָּשִׁין, v. O. ed. Berl.). Targ. Am. 6:4.Targ. Jer. 18:15 (h. text סלולה); a. e. Af. אַכְבֵּיש, v. supra. Ithpe. אִתְכְּבֵיש 1) to be conquered; to be subdued, oppressed. Targ. Num. 32:22. Targ. Y. Gen. 16:9 (some ed. אתכנעי); a. e. 2) (of the face) to be sunk (in fear, shame), to grieve. Targ. Gen. 4:5; 6 (h. text נפל). 3) to withdraw ones self. Targ. O. Deut. 22:1, v. supra.

כְּבַש, כְּבֵישch. same, 1) to press, grade, make a path. Targ. Job 19:12 (h. text סלל). Targ. Is. 40:3; a. e.Part. pass. כָּבִיש, f. כְּבִישָׁא. Targ. O. Num. 20:19 (not כְּבָשָׁא). Targ. Is. 11:16; a. e.Pl. כְּבִישִׁין dams. Ib. 19:10.Erub.34b כְּבוּשוּ כבשיוכ׳ make a dam (or embankment) in the reed-marshes. 2) to press on, to put on ( the head). Targ. Y. Lev. 8:13 (h. text חבש). 3) to bind, fillet; to inlay. Targ. Y. Ex. 38:28 (h. text חשק; O. Pa.). Targ. Is. 54:11.Part. Pass. as ab.; pl. f. כְּבִישָׁן. 4) (with על) to tread upon, to stamp out. Targ. Mic. 7:19. Targ. Esth. 1:5. 5) (interch. with Pa.) to suppress, oppress; to conquer, force; to violate. Targ. Josh. 8:21. Targ. Ps. 4:6. Targ. II Esth. 7:8; a. fr.Part. pass. as Ab. Targ. Hos. 5:11.Zeb.73b, נִיכְבְּשִׁינְהוּ, v. נוּד ch. Y.Sabb.IV, end, 7a דילמא לא כ׳ צינתה will it (the band around the head) not overcome (counter-act the effect of) the cold? 6) to withhold, detain. Targ. Y. II Gen. 29:22.Nidd.39b a hen that laid one day וכַבְשָׁה יומאוכ׳ and held back (failed to lay) one day 7) to hide (the face); to close (the eyes). Targ. Ex. 3:6. Targ. Lev. 20:4; a. fr.Targ. O. Deut. 22:1 ed. Berl. (ed. Ithpe); ib. 4 (sub. עינין).B. Bath.40b כְּבִישְׁנָא לשטרוכ׳ I shall hide the deed of mortgage. Pa. כַּבֵּיש same. Targ. Prov. 16:32 מְכַבֵּיש Ms. (ed. מַכְבֵּיש Af.) who conquers. Targ. Josh. 8:19.Targ. O. Ex. 38:28 (v. supra). Targ. Lam. 3:34; a. fr.Snh.95a דכַבְּשִׁית בתקוף ידי which I conquered with the strength of my hand; (ib. כבשית כל מדינתי, read כנשית;) Yalk. Is. 284.Part. pass. מְכַבַּש, f. מְכַבְּשָׁא; pl. מְכַבְּשִׁין; מְכַכְּשָׁן. Targ. Ex. 38:17 (h. text מחשקים). Ib. 27:17 (not מְכֻבָּשִׁין, v. O. ed. Berl.). Targ. Am. 6:4.Targ. Jer. 18:15 (h. text סלולה); a. e. Af. אַכְבֵּיש, v. supra. Ithpe. אִתְכְּבֵיש 1) to be conquered; to be subdued, oppressed. Targ. Num. 32:22. Targ. Y. Gen. 16:9 (some ed. אתכנעי); a. e. 2) (of the face) to be sunk (in fear, shame), to grieve. Targ. Gen. 4:5; 6 (h. text נפל). 3) to withdraw ones self. Targ. O. Deut. 22:1, v. supra.

מִצְוָהf. (b. h.; צָוָה) command, esp. religious act, meritorious deed. Ḥull.141a, a. fr. לדבר מ׳ for a religious purpose, opp. לדבר הרשות for a secular or religiously indifferent purpose.מלחמת מ׳ v. מִלְהָמָה.Ab. IV, 11 מ׳ אחת one good deed, opp. עֲבֵרָה sin. Ib. שכר מ׳ מ׳ the reward of a good deed is another good deed, v. גָּרַר. Ib. II, 1 מ׳ קלה a light command (obeyed with little sacrifice); Ned.39b; a. fr.מ׳ הבאה בעבירה a religious act achieved through a wrong deed, e. g. using an illegitimately obtained object for a religious ceremony. Succ.30a; a. fr.Y.Sabb.XIII, 14a bot.; Y.Ḥall.I, end, 58a אין עבירה מ׳ no-sin is virtue; אין מ׳ עבירה no-virtue is sin.Zeb.52a, a. fr. מ׳ (sub. קרבן) an offering dependent on certain occasions as ordained in the Law, opp. חובה an obligatory offering (at regular seasons).איסור מ׳, v. אִיסּוּר.Y.Sot.I, beg.16b איתמרת למ׳ (או) לעיכוב is this said only as a recommendation or as an indispensable act?; Y.Pes.II, 29b bot., a. fr., v. עִיכּוּב.Ḥull.106a משום מ׳ because it is meritorious; מאי מ׳ מ׳ לשמועוכ׳ what is the merit of it? It is meritorious to obey Ib. לא חובה ולא מ׳ אלא רשות neither an obligatory, nor a meritorious, but a religiously indifferent act; Sabb.25b.מִצְוַת עֲשֵׁה (abbr. מ״ע) a positive command; מ׳ לא תעשה a prohibition. Kidd. I, 7; a. v. fr., v. גְּרָמָא, a. לֹא, לַאו.מת מ׳ the corpse of a person whose relatives are unknown and whose burial is obligatory on everybody. Hor.13a פגע בהם מת מ׳ they struck upon a corpse; a. fr.M. Kat. 20a חמשה מתי מ׳ the five relations (besides father and mother) whom one is obliged to bury (Lev. 21:2, sq.).Lev. R. s. 34 תן לי מ׳ in give me what thou art commanded to, i. e. alms, v. next w.Pl. מִצְוֹת, מִצְווֹת. Macc.23b שש מאות … מ׳ six hundred and thirteen commands (positive and prohibitive). Y. Sabb. l. c.; Y. Ḥall. l. c. (ref. to אלה המצות, Lev. 27:34) אם עשיתן כְּמִצְוָותָן מ׳וכ׳ if thou doest them as they are commanded, they are deeds of merit R. Hash. 28b מ׳ אינו עובר עליהן אלא בזמנן one violates the law by adding to the prescribed form of ceremonies only when executed in their due season (e. g. one does not violate the law by dwelling in the Succah on the eighth day). Ib. מ׳ אין צריכות כונה; Ber.13a מ׳ צריכות כ׳, v. כַּוָּנָה. Succ.39a, a. e. כל המ׳ כולן מברךוכ׳ the benediction at the performance of religious ceremonies must precede the act. Nidd.61b מ׳ בטלות לע״ל ceremonial laws find no application in the hereafter (e. g. a dead body may be wrapped in Kilayim). Ib. חפשי מן המ׳, v. חָפְשִׁי; a. v. fr.Ker.17b (ref. to Lev. 5:17) מצוות קרינן the traditional reading (v. אֵם) is acts (therefore a doubt between two pieces, one permitted and one prohibited, is required for a sacrifice ( אשם תלוי). Ib. ליכא מ׳ the requirement of two pieces is not complied with.

מִצְוָהf. (b. h.; צָוָה) command, esp. religious act, meritorious deed. Ḥull.141a, a. fr. לדבר מ׳ for a religious purpose, opp. לדבר הרשות for a secular or religiously indifferent purpose.מלחמת מ׳ v. מִלְהָמָה.Ab. IV, 11 מ׳ אחת one good deed, opp. עֲבֵרָה sin. Ib. שכר מ׳ מ׳ the reward of a good deed is another good deed, v. גָּרַר. Ib. II, 1 מ׳ קלה a light command (obeyed with little sacrifice); Ned.39b; a. fr.מ׳ הבאה בעבירה a religious act achieved through a wrong deed, e. g. using an illegitimately obtained object for a religious ceremony. Succ.30a; a. fr.Y.Sabb.XIII, 14a bot.; Y.Ḥall.I, end, 58a אין עבירה מ׳ no-sin is virtue; אין מ׳ עבירה no-virtue is sin.Zeb.52a, a. fr. מ׳ (sub. קרבן) an offering dependent on certain occasions as ordained in the Law, opp. חובה an obligatory offering (at regular seasons).איסור מ׳, v. אִיסּוּר.Y.Sot.I, beg.16b איתמרת למ׳ (או) לעיכוב is this said only as a recommendation or as an indispensable act?; Y.Pes.II, 29b bot., a. fr., v. עִיכּוּב.Ḥull.106a משום מ׳ because it is meritorious; מאי מ׳ מ׳ לשמועוכ׳ what is the merit of it? It is meritorious to obey Ib. לא חובה ולא מ׳ אלא רשות neither an obligatory, nor a meritorious, but a religiously indifferent act; Sabb.25b.מִצְוַת עֲשֵׁה (abbr. מ״ע) a positive command; מ׳ לא תעשה a prohibition. Kidd. I, 7; a. v. fr., v. גְּרָמָא, a. לֹא, לַאו.מת מ׳ the corpse of a person whose relatives are unknown and whose burial is obligatory on everybody. Hor.13a פגע בהם מת מ׳ they struck upon a corpse; a. fr.M. Kat. 20a חמשה מתי מ׳ the five relations (besides father and mother) whom one is obliged to bury (Lev. 21:2, sq.).Lev. R. s. 34 תן לי מ׳ in give me what thou art commanded to, i. e. alms, v. next w.Pl. מִצְוֹת, מִצְווֹת. Macc.23b שש מאות … מ׳ six hundred and thirteen commands (positive and prohibitive). Y. Sabb. l. c.; Y. Ḥall. l. c. (ref. to אלה המצות, Lev. 27:34) אם עשיתן כְּמִצְוָותָן מ׳וכ׳ if thou doest them as they are commanded, they are deeds of merit R. Hash. 28b מ׳ אינו עובר עליהן אלא בזמנן one violates the law by adding to the prescribed form of ceremonies only when executed in their due season (e. g. one does not violate the law by dwelling in the Succah on the eighth day). Ib. מ׳ אין צריכות כונה; Ber.13a מ׳ צריכות כ׳, v. כַּוָּנָה. Succ.39a, a. e. כל המ׳ כולן מברךוכ׳ the benediction at the performance of religious ceremonies must precede the act. Nidd.61b מ׳ בטלות לע״ל ceremonial laws find no application in the hereafter (e. g. a dead body may be wrapped in Kilayim). Ib. חפשי מן המ׳, v. חָפְשִׁי; a. v. fr.Ker.17b (ref. to Lev. 5:17) מצוות קרינן the traditional reading (v. אֵם) is acts (therefore a doubt between two pieces, one permitted and one prohibited, is required for a sacrifice ( אשם תלוי). Ib. ליכא מ׳ the requirement of two pieces is not complied with.

נָגַשׂ(b. h.; cmp. preced.) to push on, drive, press. Midr. Till. to Ps. 17:7 ואין אחד מהם נוֹגֵשׂ אותךוכ׳ none of them presses thee, v. נָגַשנוֹגֵשׂ task-master. Tanḥ. Shmoth 9 אותו נ׳ עשויוכ׳ that taskmaster was appointed over ; Ex. R. s. 1 נ׳ ממונה על עשרה שוטרים one (Egyptian) taskmaster was appointed over ten (Israelitish) officers. Lev. R. s. 32 (in Chald. dict.) קרץ נ׳ גביוכ׳ Ar. (ed. קדם) the taskmaster came early to the officer, saying, go and gather thy men ; a. fr.Pl. נוֹגְשִׂים, נוֹגְשִׂין. Ib.; Ex. R. l. c. Pirké dR. El. ch. XLVIII נוֹגְשֵׂי פרעה the taskmasters appointed by Pharaoh; a. fr.Esp. to exact a debt. Macc.3b (ref. to Deut. 15:2) לא קרינן ביה לא יִגּוֹשׂ we do not apply to him (he does not violate the law) ‘he shall not exact; סוף אתי לידי יגוש he will finally (after the lapse of ten years) transgress Sifré Deut. 113 (ref. to Deut. 15:3) ואת אחיך לא תִגּוֹשׂ but thou must not exact of thy brother.

נָגַשׂ(b. h.; cmp. preced.) to push on, drive, press. Midr. Till. to Ps. 17:7 ואין אחד מהם נוֹגֵשׂ אותךוכ׳ none of them presses thee, v. נָגַשנוֹגֵשׂ task-master. Tanḥ. Shmoth 9 אותו נ׳ עשויוכ׳ that taskmaster was appointed over ; Ex. R. s. 1 נ׳ ממונה על עשרה שוטרים one (Egyptian) taskmaster was appointed over ten (Israelitish) officers. Lev. R. s. 32 (in Chald. dict.) קרץ נ׳ גביוכ׳ Ar. (ed. קדם) the taskmaster came early to the officer, saying, go and gather thy men ; a. fr.Pl. נוֹגְשִׂים, נוֹגְשִׂין. Ib.; Ex. R. l. c. Pirké dR. El. ch. XLVIII נוֹגְשֵׂי פרעה the taskmasters appointed by Pharaoh; a. fr.Esp. to exact a debt. Macc.3b (ref. to Deut. 15:2) לא קרינן ביה לא יִגּוֹשׂ we do not apply to him (he does not violate the law) ‘he shall not exact; סוף אתי לידי יגוש he will finally (after the lapse of ten years) transgress Sifré Deut. 113 (ref. to Deut. 15:3) ואת אחיך לא תִגּוֹשׂ but thou must not exact of thy brother.